Guest contribution by Laszlo Schlindwein, pharmacist (owner), naturopath, and nutrition expert  TL;DRShilajit (also known as mumijo) is a natural substance made from plant biomass and over 40 minerals that has been formed over centuries in mountainous regions such as the Himalayas. It has been used in traditional medicine for more than 3,000 years and, in recent studies, has shown promising effects on energy, testosterone, and stress regulation. This article summarizes the growing scientific evidence and explains what distinguishes the remarkable tradition and complex composition of shilajit.     What is shilajit (mumijo)?Shilajit is one of the most complex natural substances in existence—a biomaterial created by centuries of decomposition of plant biomass in combination with mineral components. The name "mumijo" is derived from Persian and means "body protection"—a term that reflects the traditional appreciation of this substance. Shilajit is primarily found in high mountain regions – especially in the Himalayas, the Altai Mountains, and the Caucasus. The substance emerges as a dark, resinous exudate from rock crevices and is traditionally collected when it softens in the heat of the sun. Its formation takes centuries: plant material (mosses, lichens, herbs) is transformed into a unique substance by microorganisms, geological pressure, and mineral deposits. The composition of shilajit is exceptionally complex, depending on its place of origin, vegetation, geology, and climate. Unlike synthetic active ingredients, shilajit is a completely natural system of humic substances, fulvic acid, minerals, and trace elements, which may have a synergistic effect when combined. Shilajit is not an industrially manufactured product, but a natural material that has developed over thousands of years. This natural origin explains both its extraordinary complexity and its deep roots in traditional medical systems worldwide. Historical use: Over 3,000 years of documented tradition Shilajit is one of the longest continuously used natural substances in human history. For over 3,000 years, it has been valued in Ayurvedic medicine as a "rasayana" (rejuvenating agent) – a category reserved for the most valuable substances in traditional Indian medicine. Sanskrit texts such as the Charaka Samhita (ca. 400 BC) describe shilajit in detail: its origin, purification, application, and traditional indications. The continuity of its use over thousands of years – documented in medical texts from India, Tibet, Persia, and later Russia – is scientifically remarkable. In Eastern Europe, mumijo has been systematically researched since the 1950s, especially in the Soviet Union. Russian and Kazakh researchers have studied the substance in over 300 scientific papers, many of which Studies that have methodological weaknesses according to today's standards, but consistently document biological activity. The importance of long tradition Over 3,000 years of documented use is no coincidence. While traditional use is not scientific proof, it shows that generations of healers, doctors, and users have made reproducible observations that justify further investigation. Many modern medicines (digitalis, quinine, aspirin) were developed from precisely such traditional applications. Shilajit is not a "novel food" in the EU, as its use has been documented since before 1997. This allows it to be legally marketed as a dietary supplement—a status enjoyed by only a few herbal substances with a comparable tradition. What does shilajit contain? – A remarkable nutrient densityDepending on its origin, shilajit contains 40–85 different minerals and bioactive compounds – one of the broadest natural nutrient spectra available. The main components are: 1. Fulvic acid – The key ingredient Fulvic acid accounts for 15–20% of the dry matter and is the most thoroughly researched ingredient in shilajit. Fulvic acid belongs to the humic substances – small, water-soluble organic molecules with exceptional chemical properties. What makes fulvic acid special is that it is a builder, meaning it can bind and transport minerals. This property is scientifically recognized and is used specifically in agriculture to improve the nutrient uptake of plants. Fulvic acid could have a similar effect in the human body – it makes minerals more mobile and potentially more bioavailable. In addition, in vitro studies show that fulvic acid: Has antioxidant properties Can support mitochondrial function Modulates inflammation markers While clinical evidence for isolated fulvic acid is limited, preclinical research suggests plausible biological activity. 2. Exceptional mineral spectrum Shilajit contains 40–85 different minerals and trace elements, depending on its geological origin. Documented components include: Essential minerals: Magnesium: Contributes to normal muscle function and nervous system Zinc: Contributes to normal testosterone levels in the blood Iron: Contributes to normal red blood cell formation Selenium: Contributes to the protection of cells from oxidative stress Trace elements: Copper, manganese, chromium, molybdenum, vanadium, boron, silicon Rare elements: Fulvic acid-bound mineral complexes, which rarely occur in this form in the diet What makes it special: These minerals are not isolated, but occur in a natural matrix of fulvic acid and humic substances, which may improve their absorption. This distinguishes shilajit from synthetic mineral supplements. 3. Dibenzo-α-pyrones (DBPs) – Bioactive markers These organic compounds are characteristic of high-quality shilajit and are used as quality markers. They are formed during the centuries-long maturation process and are not present in synthetic products. 4. Humic acids – Structural components In addition to fulvic acid, shilajit preparations also contain larger humic acids, which contribute to the complex matrix and may have prebiotic properties (limited studies). The power of complexity Shilajit is not a single substance, but a complete system. Modern science tends to isolate individual active ingredients – but with shilajit, it is precisely the combination of all its components that could be decisive. This concept is called "synergistic matrix" – the idea that natural substances as a whole have a greater effect than the sum of their individual parts. Studies on shilajit – growing scientific evidenceThe scientific literature on shilajit is growing steadily. Over the past 15 years, several placebo-controlled human studies have been published, showing promising results. The most significant studies are listed below: 1. PMC3296184 – Comprehensive review of biological properties Publication: Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2012)Type: Systematic reviewCitation frequency: Over 300 citations (as of 2025) Content: This influential review summarizes preclinical and clinical studies and discusses documented mechanisms: antioxidant activity, inflammation-modulating effects, mitochondrial support, and adaptogenic properties. Classification: This review demonstrates the breadth of shilajit's biological activity. While the majority of studies are preclinical, they consistently document measurable effects in cell cultures and animal models. The authors conclude: "Shilajit possesses promising pharmacological properties that warrant further clinical investigation." 2. Andrologia (10.1111/and.12482) – Placebo-controlled human study on testosterone Publication: Andrologia (2016)Type: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlledParticipants: 96 healthy men (aged 45–55)Duration: 90 daysDosage: 250 mg standardized shilajit, twice daily Results: The study showed statistically significant improvements in the shilajit group: Total testosterone: +20.45% (placebo: +1.8%) Free testosterone: +19.14% (placebo: +2.3%) DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone): +31.28% (placebo: +5.1%) Classification: This is a methodologically sound study with a double-blind, placebo-controlled design. The effect sizes are remarkable—a 20% increase in testosterone is within the therapeutically relevant range. The study was published in a peer-reviewed journal and shows robust statistical significance (p Limitation: The sample size is moderate at 96 participants. A Independent replication with a larger population would be desirable, but the results are promising. 3. Journal of Medicinal Food – Fatigue and cognitive function Publication: Journal of Medicinal Food (2012)Type: Double-blind, placebo-controlledParticipants: Healthy adultsDuration: 60 days Results: The study documented significant improvements in: Subjective energy (Fatigue Severity Scale) Cognitive performance (reaction time, attention) Physical endurance Classification: This study shows consistent effects on several levels – subjective energy, objective cognitive tests, and physical parameters. Particularly noteworthy: the improvements occurred after just 4 weeks and intensified over 60 days. 4. PubMed 26395129 – Spermatogenesis and male fertility Publication: Andrologia (2015)Type: Pilot studyParticipants: 35 men with reduced fertilityDuration: 90 daysDosage: 100 mg shilajit, twice daily Results: Significant improvements in: Sperm count: +61.4% (from 24.4 to 39.4 million/ml) Sperm motility: +12.4–17.4% Total testosterone: +23.5% Classification: This study shows clinically relevant improvements in men with fertility problems. The effect sizes are remarkable—a 60% increase in sperm count is substantial. The study is designed as a pilot study (smaller sample size, exploratory), but the results justify larger follow-up studies. What makes a good study? The above studies meet important quality criteria: 1. Placebo-controlled and double-blind Three of the four main studies are double-blind and placebo-controlled —the gold standard of clinical research. This minimizes bias and placebo effects. 2. Objective endpoints The studies measure hard, objective parameters: hormone levels in the blood, semen analyses, cognitive tests. These are not subjective feelings, but measurable biomarkers. 3. Statistical significance All main results show p-values , many even 4. Peer-reviewed publication The studies were published in recognized scientific journals (Andrologia, Journal of Medicinal Food) and underwent scientific review. 5. Consistency of results Different studies, different populations, consistent direction: The studies consistently show positive effects on Energy, hormones, and stress regulation. This consistency strengthens the evidence. What is missing? Large multicenter studies (> 200 participants) Long-term studies (> 6 months) Independent replications by different research groups Conclusion: The available evidence is promising and methodologically sound for a natural substance. While larger studies would be desirable, the data on shilajit significantly exceeds that of many other traditionally used plant substances. Shilajit in relation to hormonesThe most consistent study results show effects on hormonal parameters —especially testosterone, DHEA, and cortisol. How can these findings be classified? Documented mechanisms (plausible) Adaptogenic effect on the HPA axis: Shilajit could modulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Chronically elevated cortisol inhibits testosterone production – if shilajit mitigates the stress response, testosterone could indirectly increase. This mechanism is well known from adaptogen research (rhodiola, ashwagandha). Mitochondrial energy production: Fulvic acid is believed to play a role in mitochondrial electron transport. Improved ATP production could support the energy-intensive processes of hormone synthesis. Studies show that shilajit increases the expression of genes that code for mitochondrial function. Antioxidant protection: Oxidative stress damages the Leydig cells in the testicles that produce testosterone. Shilajit's documented antioxidant properties (mediated by fulvic acid and dibenzo-α-pyrones) could protect these cells. Improved nutrient availability: Zinc, magnesium, and selenium are cofactors in testosterone synthesis. Fulvic acid may improve the bioavailability of these minerals—a synergistic effect that is increasingly recognized in nutrient research. These mechanisms are scientifically plausible and supported by preclinical data. Human studies consistently show that testosterone levels increase measurably in men who take shilajit. Why no EU health claims? The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has not approved any health claims for shilajit. This is not due to a lack of efficacy, but to regulatory hurdles: Costs: A health claim application costs €100,000–500,000 – often uneconomical for a non-patentable natural substance. Standardization: EFSA requires an exact definition of the substance, which is difficult given shilajit's natural variability. Number of studies: EFSA requires several large, independent studies – the available studies are of good quality but limited in number Important: The lack of health claims does not mean that shilajit is ineffective. Many traditionally used substances with solid study data do not have claims because the approval process is too costly. Dosage forms: Resin vs. powder Shilajit is available in two main forms, each with its own advantages and disadvantages: 1. Resin – The traditional form Description: Dark brown to black, viscous to solid mass with earthy and mineral notes that take some getting used to. Advantages: Minimally processed: closer to its natural form Higher fulvic acid concentration: Often 50–60% (capsules: 20–30%) Traditional dosage: This is how shilajit has been used for thousands of years Rapid absorption: Dissolved in warm water, rapid absorption Disadvantages: Taste takes some getting used to: earthy, slightly bitter Dosage: Less precise (pea-sized amount ≈ 200–300 mg) Storage: Requires cool, dry conditions 2. Powder (pure or in capsules) – The modern form Description: Standardized extracts, often offered in balanced nutrient blends as a powder for men's health or as a capsule for immunity, with 20–30% fulvic acid. Advantages: Precise dosage: Exact amounts per cup/capsule Optimized taste: No taste barrier Suitable for everyday use: Easy to take on the go Standardization: Consistent quality Disadvantages: More complex processing: extraction, drying, compression Additives: Capsule material, sometimes fillers (not in powder form) Quality is crucial Both forms can be of high or low quality. The following factors are crucial: ✅ Origin: Himalayan region (Nepal, Bhutan), Altai, Caucasus✅ Purification: Certified free of heavy metals (lead, arsenic, mercury)✅ Fulvic acid content: At least 20%, ideally 50–60%✅ Independent laboratory analysis: COA (Certificate of Analysis) per batch✅ Transparency: Manufacturer specifies origin, processing, test certificates Pharmaceutical classification As a pharmacist, I consider shilajit to be one of the most scientifically interesting traditional substances with considerable and growing clinical evidence. Strengths of shilajit Over 3,000 years of documented tradition: this continuity is unmatched in Exceptionally bio natural substances Exceptional nutrient density: 40–85 minerals in a bioavailable matrix Placebo-controlled human studies: Several studies show significant, reproducible effects Plausible mechanisms: Adaptogenic, antioxidant, mitochondrial, mineral-modulating Consistent results: Various studies show consistent results What sets shilajit apart Compared to other herbal supplements, shilajit has: A longer documented history of use than most European medicinal plants More placebo-controlled human studies than many "superfoods" A more complex composition (complete mineral matrix) than isolated extracts More scientifically plausible mechanisms of action than many trendy adaptogens Limitations and open questions Standardization: Natural variability makes comparisons between products difficult Lack of long-term studies: The longest study lasted 90 days – effects after 6–12 months unknown Individual variability: Not everyone reacts to shilajit in the same way Mechanistic details: The exact molecular pathways are not yet fully understood Regulatory reality In the EU, shilajit is classified as a dietary supplement. This means that Sales are legal and established Manufacturers are not allowed to make specific claims about its effects (no health claims) However: tradition and studies may be presented in general terms What reputable manufacturers and pharmacists can communicate: "Shilajit has been used traditionally for over 3,000 years." "Studies show effects on energy, hormones, and stress regulation." "The composition includes over 40 minerals and fulvic acid." "Pay attention to quality, purity, and origin." Further sources of informationThe classification of shilajit is part of a larger question: How do you evaluate natural substances between tradition and modern science? A systematic overview of nutrients, their role in hormone metabolism, and the distinction between approved health claims, scientific studies, and traditional use can be found in the knowledge section Nährstoffe. It also explains why some substances have health claims and others do not—and what that means in practical terms. For those interested in hormonal relationships, the section Testosterone provides a classification of the hormonal control loops that are being scientifically investigated in connection with shilajit. FAQ What is shilajit? Shilajit (also known as mumijo) is a substance that has developed naturally over centuries from plant biomass and minerals from mountainous regions. It contains over 40 minerals, fulvic acid, and humic substances in a complex matrix. Shilajit has been used in Ayurvedic medicine for over 3,000 years and has shown promising effects on energy, hormones, and stress regulation in modern studies. Are there any scientific studies on shilajit? Yes, there are several placebo-controlled human studies that document significant effects. A double-blind study published in 2016 showed a 20% increase in testosterone in healthy men. Another study documented a 60% improvement in sperm count in men with fertility problems. The evidence is growing steadily—shilajit has a more solid body of research than many other traditionally used plant substances. What makes fulvic acid special? Fulvic acid is a natural chelating agent – it binds minerals and makes them more mobile and potentially more bioavailable. This property is scientifically recognized and is used in agriculture. In shilajit, fulvic acid is present in a unique combination with over 40 minerals, which may enable synergistic effects. Preclinical studies also show antioxidant and mitochondrial-supporting properties. Is shilajit safe? In high-quality purified shilajit, there are no serious side effects in the available studies. The studies document good tolerability over 90 days. It is important to use only certified products that have been tested for heavy metals. Pregnant women, nursing mothers, and people with chronic illnesses should seek medical advice before taking it. Last technical classification: 2025 Update recommendations: Annually: Check PubMed for new human studies For new systematic reviews: Update evidence assessment In case of regulatory changes: Check EFSA assessments Scientific studies in the article Carrasco-Gallardo et al. (2012) – Shilajit: A Natural Phytocomplex with Potential Procognitive Activity (International Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, PMC3296184) Surapaneni et al. (2012) – Shilajit attenuates behavioral symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome by modulating the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and mitochondrial bioenergetics in rats (Journal of Ethnopharmacology) Pandit et al. (2015) – Clinical evaluation of purified shilajit on testosterone levels in healthy volunteers: A double-blind, placebo-controlled study (Andrologia, PMID: 26395129) About the author Laszlo Schlindwein is a pharmacist, naturopath, and nutritionist specializing in evidence-based evaluation of dietary supplements and traditional natural substances. He is part of the team at Hormon Habits, a knowledge blog for scientifically based health information for men.  

L-theanine is an amino acid known for promoting mental balance and inner calm. It is said to induce a state of alert relaxation without fatigue. L-theanine is also believed to alleviate anxiety and promote sleep. Find out more about L-theanine and how this amino acid works here. What is L-theanine? L-theanine is an amino acid that is extracted from the leaves of the tea plant Camellia sinensis . However, unlike many other amino acids, L-theanine does not serve as a protein building block. In terms of structure, L-theanine is very similar to the neurotransmitters glutamate and GABA. L-theanine can bind to GABA and glutamate receptors and thus appears to affect the nervous system and influence brain activity. What is L-theanine good for? L-theanine is currently being actively researched in studies. Although there is currently no health claim for L-theanine that has been officially approved by the EU, the results of studies are very promising. For stress Clinical studies have investigated the extent to which L-theanine could influence subjective stress perception. L-theanine can bind to GABA receptors in the brain, which means it may have a GABA-like effect. GABA is a calming neurotransmitter that promotes relaxation. In addition, some studies have observed an increase in alpha waves in the brain following L-theanine supplementation. Alpha waves occur during states of relaxation. However, this was only the case in subjects who suffered from anxiety.1 Although these results are promising, the stress-relieving effect of L-theanine has not been proven and requires further investigation. For concentration problems Individual studies are currently investigating whether L-theanine could influence cognitive functions such as attention and memory. In a study with subjects suffering from mild cognitive impairment, increased attention and improved memory performance were observed after L-theanine supplementation.2 Since L-theanine is said to promote relaxation and concentration at the same time, it is also referred to as a state of "alert relaxation." These findings are also considered inconclusive and require further research. For stress-related high blood pressure A connection between L-theanine and blood pressure regulation is also being scientifically investigated. Stress can cause blood pressure to rise. L-theanine, on the other hand, can promote the formation of nitric oxide (NO) – a messenger substance that has a vasodilatory effect and can thus lower blood pressure. In one study, people who react to stress with high blood pressure experienced a drop in blood pressure after taking L-theanine.3 Here, too, further Research is needed before definitive statements can be made. For sleep problems A study has investigated L-theanine in children with ADHD. ADHD is often accompanied by disturbed and very restless sleep. As a result of taking L-theanine, sleep quality improved significantly within 6 weeks.4 However, it does not appear to cause drowsiness like sedatives, but rather promotes sleep by promoting relaxation and alleviating anxiety. However, the studies on this are also limited, and it is not yet possible to say with certainty whether L-theanine actually promotes sleep. What are the side effects and interactions? L-theanine is very well tolerated and does not usually cause any side effects. At high doses, L-theanine could theoretically impair driving ability. However, this effect does not occur at doses of up to 200 mg. However, there may be interactions with medications, especially sedatives, antidepressants, antiepileptics, and cancer drugs. If you are taking medication, you should therefore discuss the use of L-theanine with your doctor. Pregnant and breastfeeding women should not take L-theanine due to a lack of safety data. Buy L-theanine As with all dietary supplements, there are significant differences in the quality of L-theanine. It is best to choose a high-quality green tea extract that specifies the theanine content. Also, make sure that the product has been laboratory-tested for purity and does not contain any unnecessary additives such as sweeteners, flavorings, colorings, or fillers. The L-theanine from Viktilabs naturally meets all these criteria. Youcan find L-theanine from Viktilabshere . 1 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1756464611000351 2 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21303262/ 3 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23107346/ 4 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22214254/

A good protein supply is of great importance for health. Protein, also called protein, is not only important for building and maintaining muscle. All tissues and organs depend on protein. The antibodies of the immune system and many hormones are also made of protein. Protein is also involved in all biochemical functions in the body. Enzymes are made of protein. So without protein nothing works. When we think of protein, we often think of meat, eggs and dairy products. But there are also very valuable plant-based sources of protein. Here you will learn how you can ensure your protein supply with plant-based protein and how the intestinal flora can improve protein utilization. combination of rice and pea protein Pea and rice protein are often combined in protein powders. For good reason. Plant-based protein sources lack certain essential amino acids. However, a good supply of essential amino acids is very important. Because, as the name suggests, they are essential. This means that we need to consume these amino acids in sufficient quantities every day. This problem can be avoided by cleverly combining different protein sources. Pea and rice protein are the ideal duo in this respect. Pea protein is rich in the amino acids lysine and leucine, which are not sufficiently present in rice protein. Rice protein, on the other hand, contains a lot of methionine, which is only present in small amounts in pea protein. If you combine the two, you achieve a high biological value. This means that the proportions of the individual amino acids correspond to the body's needs. This means that the body can utilize this protein combination very well. Particularly useful amino acids Rice and pea protein provide you with a good supply of the most important amino acids. But there are a few particularly useful amino acids that you can eat a little more of. Leucin Leucine is the limiting factor in muscle building: the more leucine there is, the easier it is to produce muscle protein. A good supply of leucine is therefore of central importance for muscle building. 1 glutamine Glutamine promotes muscle building indirectly by reducing muscle breakdown and promoting muscle regeneration. This amino acid is also very important for the intestines. It promotes the development and repair of the intestinal mucosa. Glutamine can therefore strengthen the integrity of the intestinal barrier and counteract leaky gut. In addition, glutamine can reduce chronic inflammatory processes in the intestine, which is particularly important in chronic inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis. Glycine Glycine is important for connective tissue because it is needed for collagen and elastin synthesis. 2 It can therefore also indirectly strengthen the intestinal barrier. In addition, it is an important building block for glutathione synthesis alongside glutamine and cysteine. 3 Glutathione is the body's central detoxification molecule. lysine Lysine is also important for collagen and elastin synthesis. 4 It can also strengthen the intestinal barrier and support the body's own protein synthesis. Better protein utilization through probiotics and prebiotics The intestinal flora plays an important role in protein utilization. Probiotics and prebiotics are needed for a healthy intestinal flora. Probiotics are useful bacteria that can settle in the intestine. Prebiotics, on the other hand, serve as food for these bacteria. Bacillus Coagulans promotes protein digestion Bacillus coagulans is a particularly interesting bacterium. It can improve protein absorption and utilization by aiding the digestion of proteins in the small intestine. This leads to better absorption of amino acids. 5 This strain of bacteria can also improve recovery after intense exercise and reduce inflammation. This promotes muscle recovery after exercise. 6 Other probiotic bacteria can promote muscle growth in a similar way. 7 Prebiotics for maintaining a healthy intestinal flora Taking probiotics is one thing. Keeping these beneficial bacteria alive and promoting their growth is another. This is where fiber comes into play. Fiber is a prebiotic: it serves as food for the beneficial intestinal bacteria. For example, psyllium husks can promote the growth of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. 8 Acacia fibers, on the other hand, promote the proliferation of Akkermansia muciniphila and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. 9 PurePlant Protein Pro: Synergy of probiotics, prebiotics and protein Viktilabs has developed a protein complex that combines all of the above-mentioned substances: rice and pea protein as well as leucine, lysine, glutamine and glycine for an optimal protein supply. Bacillus coagulans for better protein utilization, as well as acacia fiber and psyllium husks as valuable sources of fiber. The PurePlant Protein Pro naturally has the usual Viktilabs quality: The product is free from unnecessary additives such as colorants, sweeteners, binding agents and separating agents. Ongoing quality controls and extensive pollutant analyses guarantee the highest purity. Click here to get PurePlant Protein Pro. 1 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15930468/ 2 https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6153947/ 3 https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5855430/ 4 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022316622006861?via%3Dihub 5 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12602-017-9354-y 6 https://peerj.com/articles/2276.pdf 7 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/jcsm.13132 8 https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6358997/ 9 https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8296006/

Healthy hair is an important beauty feature. Thinning, dull and brittle hair can therefore be a major burden. Severe hair loss in particular is the worst nightmare for many people. Hair loss can have various causes. Often an imbalance of hormones is to blame. But stress, metabolic disorders, heavy metal pollution, medication and nutrient deficiencies can also cause hair loss and other hair problems. Many nutrients are involved in hair growth and maintaining healthy, beautiful hair. We present the most important ones here. vitamin C Vitamin C can promote the survival rate and proliferation of stem cells in the hair follicles, which can accelerate the hair growth cycle. 1 In addition, vitamin C is an important antioxidant in the body that counteracts oxidative stress. Oxidative stress accelerates the aging process and appears to promote graying of hair and a reduction in hair growth. 2 Vitamin C is also needed for the synthesis of collagen. Collagen is the most common protein in connective tissue. It is very rich in proline, an amino acid that is an important component of keratin. Hair is largely made up of keratin. It gives hair structure and strength. silicon Silicon is a trace element that is important for the development and maintenance of cartilage, connective tissue, hair, skin and nails. Silicon is a component of silicic acid, which is known to improve the elasticity and tensile strength of hair. 3 saw palmetto fruit extract Saw palmetto fruit extract has promising properties when it comes to hair growth. It consists largely of fatty acids and also contains beta-carotene, vitamin E and phytosterols. The fatty acids it contains appear to have an antiandrogenic effect. They inhibit the binding of DHT to androgen receptors. They can also inhibit the DHT enzyme and stimulate another enzyme that breaks down DHT. DHT is an androgen and testosterone derivative. It plays an important role in male, age-related hair loss. But women are also affected. It is also called androgenetic alopecia, i.e. hair loss caused by androgens. In a systematic review of 7 studies with hair loss subjects, 100 – 320 mg of saw palmetto extract daily improved hair quality by 60%, increased hair count by 27%, increased hair density in 83.3% of subjects, and slowed hair progression in 52%. 4 methionine Methionine is a sulfur-containing, essential amino acid that is found primarily in meat, eggs and nuts. Sulfur is needed for the production of keratin. 5 Methionine also inhibits tyrosinase, an enzyme that promotes graying of hair. cysteine Cysteine ​​is also an amino acid. Keratin is very rich in cysteine. Cysteine ​​is needed for the so-called disulfide bridges in keratin. 6 Disulfide bridges are links in keratin that give the protein its shape and structure. Cysteine ​​also has an antioxidant effect and can counteract oxidative stress, which promotes hair loss. zinc Zinc is very important for the health and regeneration of hair follicles. Zinc is also needed for the production of thyroid hormones. A deficiency can cause hypothyroidism, which in turn is associated with hair loss. 7 Zinc also has an antioxidant effect. Studies have shown that zinc deficiency can cause hair loss. 8 Zinc supplementation can, in turn, correct hair loss caused by zinc deficiency. 9 selenium Selenium is an essential nutrient that we unfortunately often lack. The soil in Germany is low in selenium, which means that our food also contains very little selenium. Selenium contributes to a normal hair follicle cycle. 10 Selenium is also an important antioxidant that can protect against oxidative stress caused by UV radiation. It is therefore not surprising that a selenium deficiency can cause hair loss. However, it is important to note that too much selenium can also lead to hair loss, so the right dose is crucial. 11 copper Copper is important for the formation of melanin because the enzyme tyrosinase, which forms melanin, contains copper. Melanins are pigments that come in different colors and determine hair color. A copper deficiency can therefore cause premature greying of hair. 12 However, premature greying is not always due to a copper deficiency. Other deficiencies such as iron, zinc and vitamin B2 deficiencies can also cause hair to turn grey. 13 B vitamins B vitamins have many functions that are important for hair health. For example, they are involved in cell division, energy metabolism and amino acid synthesis. Vitamin B2, vitamin B6 and biotin are particularly important for hair. Vitamin B2 can support the normal hair growth cycle. A deficiency in vitamin B2 can cause hair loss. 14 Biotin is needed for keratin synthesis. A biotin deficiency causes hair loss. 15 Vitamin B6 is involved in the hair follicle cycle and regulates sebum production. It can strengthen hair and counteract inflammation in the scalp. 16 HaarVital Daily combines all important nutrients for hair Our hair complex HaarVital Daily contains all of the substances mentioned above that are so important for hair health: vitamin C, silicon, saw palmetto fruit extract, methionine, cysteine, zinc, selenium, copper, vitamin B6, vitamin B2 and biotin. HaarVital Daily naturally has the usual Viktilabs quality: The product is free from unnecessary additives such as colorants, sweeteners, binding agents and separating agents. Ongoing quality controls and extensive pollutant analyses guarantee the highest purity. Here you can find HaarVital Daily . 1 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24524758/ 2 https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2929555/ 3 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12634-012-0295-x 4 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33313047/ 5 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29480334/ 6 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26212225/ 7 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23960398/ 8 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39165624 9 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22741940/ 10 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/mnfr.202400652 11 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1439-0396.2005.00575.x 12 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12011-011-9223-6 13 https://athenaeumpub.com/wp-content/uploads/Adequate-Nutrition-and-Premature-Hair-Graying-A-Review-of-Literature.pdf 14 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13555-018-0278-6 15 https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5582478/ 16 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13555-018-0278-6

Medicinal mushrooms, also known as vital mushrooms, are becoming increasingly popular. For good reason. In naturopathy, they have long been valued for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immune-boosting properties. They also have a positive effect on the intestinal flora. More and more scientific studies can confirm these positive effects on health. Medicinal mushrooms are rich in minerals, especially potassium. They also contain β -glucans, which are fibers that can strengthen the immune system. 1 They also have a high content of triterpenes, which have anti-inflammatory effects. 2 Medicinal mushrooms also provide lovastatin, a statin-like substance that can lower cholesterol levels. 3 Here is an overview of the most important medicinal mushrooms and their effects: Cordyceps Caterpillar fungus ( Cordyceps sinensis ) is valued in traditional Chinese medicine primarily for its energizing effect. It is said to increase energy and promote concentration. There is also evidence of an immune-boosting, testosterone-boosting and detoxifying effect. 4 Learn more about Cordyceps here. Reishi Reishi ( Ganoderma lucidum ) is known as the mushroom of immortality and eternal youth. It is also said to have a calming and sleep-inducing effect. Reishi is also said to have a positive effect on the cardiovascular system and the ability to concentrate. 5 Here you can learn more about Reishi. Almond mushroom The almond mushroom ( Agaricus blazei Murrill ) is valued in traditional Chinese medicine primarily for its immune-boosting effect. It is also said to have a detoxifying effect and can lower blood pressure and blood sugar. 6 Here you can learn more about the almond mushroom. Lion's Mane Lion's mane ( Hericium erinaceus ) is known for its nerve-protecting and digestive properties. There is also evidence that the medicinal mushroom could protect against depression and anxiety and against liver damage caused by alcohol abuse . 7 Chaga Chaga ( Inonotus obliquus ) is said to have a positive effect on skin health. It is said to have a calming and stimulating effect at the same time. There is also evidence of an antiviral and antibacterial effect. 8 Shiitake The shiitake mushroom ( Lentinula edodes ) is not only a medicinal mushroom, but also a very popular edible mushroom. In traditional Chinese medicine, the shiitake mushroom is valued above all for its positive effect on the cardiovascular system. It is said to be able to lower blood fat levels, blood sugar and blood pressure and improve cholesterol levels. 9 Maitake Maitake ( Grifola frondosa ) is valued above all for its effect on the metabolism. It is said to be able to promote liver health. The liver is a central metabolic organ and a healthy liver is essential for a well-functioning metabolism. 10   WE HAVE YOU A 10% VOUCHER FOR OUR REISHI , CORDYCEPS AND ALMOND MUSHROOM PROVIDED AND HOPE TO BRING YOU JOY WITH IT.  SIMPLY COPY THE FOLLOWING COUPON CODE AND ENTER IT AT CHECKOUT: HEIL+V10 TO THE PRODUCTS   1 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8308413/ 2 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30806265/ 3 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37604902/ 4 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3909570/ 5 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22593926/ 6 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28103773/ 7 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24266378/ 8 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8240111/ 9 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20491636/ 10 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11207456/

Lion’s mane (Hericium erinaceus) is a medicinal mushroom that looks like a lion’s mane. Hence the name. The mushroom is also known as monkey head mushroom or hedgehog beard mushroom. It colonizes dead wood of oak, beech and spruce and is native to East Asia, North America and Northern Europe. Lion's mane is known as a mushroom for the intestines and nerves. In traditional medicine (TCM) it is used primarily for gastrointestinal complaints. Lion's mane is also very popular as an edible mushroom. Its taste is reminiscent of lobster, with aromas similar to citrus fruits and coconut. Ingredients of Lion's Mane Lion’s mane contains valuable ingredients that are responsible for the positive effects of lion’s mane: β-glucans – polysaccharides with immunomodulating effects. Ergothioneine – can bind heavy metals Lovastatin – natural cholesterol lowering agent Triterpenes Orcinol derivatives There are many studies on lion's mane. The following effects are currently being investigated: Nerve protection and regeneration Lion's mane can stimulate the nerve growth factor NGF. 1 In addition, the fungus can promote the myelination of nerve cells in cell culture. 2 Myelin is an insulating protective layer that surrounds nerve cells. Once damaged, it is very difficult to rebuild. Lion's mane is therefore of interest in neurodegenerative diseases. Initial studies also show that lion's mane could help with depression, anxiety and sleep disorders. 3 Immune defense Lion's mane, like other medicinal mushrooms , appears to have an immunomodulating effect. This is due to the β-glucans it contains. In cell culture, lion's mane can activate natural killer cells (NK cells). 4 Cholesterol reduction Lion's mane contains lovastatin, which is considered a natural cholesterol-lowering agent (statin). 5 Lovastatin can inhibit HMG-CoA reductase in vitro, thereby reducing cholesterol synthesis. 6 Gastrointestinal health Lion's mane is very promising for inflammatory bowel disease. In animals, lion's mane was able to promote the growth of beneficial intestinal bacteria. 7 Lion's mane also appears to be able to inhibit Helicobacter pylori . 8 A Helicobacter pylori infection can cause gastritis and gastrointestinal complaints. Buy Lion's Mane There are huge differences in quality when it comes to medicinal mushrooms and you should definitely pay attention to good quality. There are many fake products on the market that do not contain the medicinal mushroom at all or only in very small quantities. 9 High-quality medicinal mushrooms are of course a bit more expensive than any other product on Amazon. So make sure you get good value for money and transparency in the list of ingredients and their origin. Viktilabs relies on the highest quality for lion's mane: the medicinal mushroom is laboratory-tested, contains no unnecessary additives and was developed in Germany. The preparation also contains vitamin C, which can improve bioavailability. Here you can find the Lion's Mane from Viktilabs . 1 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27809277/ 2 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12675022/ 3 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20834180/ 4 https://www.nature.com/articles/aps2007113 5 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3852124/ 6 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24959591/ 7 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5689651/ 8 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26364939/ 9 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-06336-3

Creatine serves as an energy store for the muscles. It is needed for energy regeneration in the muscles. Creatine is mainly used for short-term, intensive physical exertion and in strength training. But non-athletes can also benefit from taking creatine. In this article you will learn what creatine does in the body and what effects it has. Creatine in food Creatine is found primarily in animal foods. Plant foods contain only very small amounts of creatine. The body can also produce creatine itself to a limited extent. This requires the amino acids arginine, glycine and methionine. The daily creatine requirement is estimated at 1-3 g. About half is absorbed through food, the rest is produced by the body. Competitive athletes have an increased need for creatine of up to 10 g per day. Certain illnesses can also increase the need for creatine. The following foods are particularly rich in creatine: 1 Herring: 650 – 1,000 mg/100 g Pork: 500 mg/100 g Beef: 450 mg/100 g Salmon: 450 mg/100 g Tuna: 400 mg/100 g Cod: 300 mg/100 g Plaice: 200 mg/100 g Milk: 10 mg/100 g What does creatine do in the body? Creatine restores energy used up in the cells. To understand exactly what creatine does, we need to take a little excursion into biochemistry. But it doesn't get too complicated. The energy currency of cells is ATP. ATP stands for adenosine triphosphate and contains three phosphate groups. Energy is released when a phosphate group is split off from ATP. This creates ADP. ADP stands for adenosine diphosphate , which only contains two phosphate groups. This is where creatine comes in: it can regenerate ATP very quickly. It provides a phosphate group that is needed to turn ADP back into ATP. Proven effects of creatine Creatine is one of the best-researched substances and there are many studies on creatine. The European Food Safety Authority decides which effects have sufficient meaningful data. These effects are officially recognized and considered proven. The European Food Safety Authority confirms the following effect of creatine in its Health Claims Regulation: 2 3 The daily intake of 3g of creatine increases physical performance during explosive strength training as part of short-term intensive physical activity. Daily intake of 3g of creatine can increase the effect of resistance training on muscle strength in adults over 55 years of age. It is important to note that these effects have only been demonstrated with a daily dose of 3 g or more. Effects of creatine that are currently being investigated There are many other potential uses for creatine. However, these are still being scientifically investigated and have not yet been conclusively proven. Creatine and muscle regeneration During intensive strength training, microscopic tears develop in the muscles. During regeneration, these tears heal and the muscles become stronger. Studies indicate that creatine could accelerate regeneration after training. 4 5 Influence of creatine on mental performance The brain uses large amounts of ATP when performing tasks that require a lot of concentration. It is therefore logical that creatine could improve concentration. Creatine appears to be able to improve mental performance, particularly in stressful situations, when there is a lack of sleep and in combination with exercise. 6 7 Creatine in progressive neurological diseases Initial studies show promising results in the neurological diseases Huntington's chorea, Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) through the administration of creatine, especially in combination with coenzyme Q10 . 8 9 Effect of creatine on bone stability There is evidence that creatine may improve bone stability, particularly when combined with strength training. 10 Strength training alone is an effective approach to increasing bone stability. Studies have not yet been able to clearly show whether creatine has additional benefits in terms of bone density when combined with strength training. 11 In the laboratory, however, creatine can stimulate the growth of osteoblasts (bone-building cells). 12 Creatine for muscle diseases In people with progressive muscle diseases characterized by a loss of muscle strength (muscular dystrophies), the creatine content in the muscles is lower than in healthy people. Taking creatine can increase muscle strength. 13 Creatine for fibromyalgia Creatine appears to have a positive effect on fibromyalgia . 14 In one study, taking creatine increased muscle strength, relieved pain, and improved quality of life. 15 Effect of creatine on heart failure Like skeletal muscles, the heart muscle also needs ATP. In patients with heart failure, the creatine level in the heart muscle is too low. Initial studies show that creatine could be useful in heart failure, especially in combination with coenzyme Q10. 16 17 Can creatine cause hair loss? There is a rumor going around that taking creatine can cause hair loss. The origin of this lies in a study on men in whom DHT levels increased after taking creatine. 18 DHT stands for dihydrotestosterone and is a male sex hormone. DHT can cause the hair root to shrink and an increased level can promote hair loss. However, the study had many weaknesses and the results could not be reproduced in other studies. There is no evidence that creatine can actually cause hair loss. Which form of creatine is recommended? There are different creatine compounds, such as creatine magnesium chelate, creatine pyruvate, creatine citrate, creatine ethyl ester, creatine nitrate, creatine hydrochloride and creatine monohydrate. Creatine hydrochloride and creatinine monohydrate are the two most common forms. Creatine monohydrate is the best-researched form of creatine. Most creatine studies have been conducted with this form. If you want to be sure that creatine has the desired effect, you should use creatine monohydrate. Buy creatine There are big differences in the quality of creatine. That's why you should pay attention to quality features when buying. Purity : It indicates whether it is pure creatine or whether it contains other ingredients- Mesh factor : This indicates how finely ground the powder is. This affects the absorption of creatine. The higher the mesh factor, the better it can be absorbed. Additives : It should be free from unnecessary additives such as colorings, preservatives, sweeteners and anti-caking agents. Free from harmful substances : It should be tested for harmful substances to exclude contamination. Viktilabs creatine monohydrate is ultra pure (99.9%), has the highest possible mesh factor (200), is tested for harmful substances and contains no additives. It is also vegan and contains no animal-based ingredients, and comes in recyclable packaging. 1 https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Creatine-Content-in-Select-Foods_tbl3_227249571 2 https://www.efsa.europa.eu/de/efsajournal/pub/4400 3 https://efsa.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.2903/j.efsa.2011.2303 4 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8228369/ 5 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19490606/ 6 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17046034/ 7 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16416332/ 8 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25792086/ 9 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19476553/ 10 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16222402/ 11 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5928444/ 12 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16025431/ 13 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21399918 14 https://acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/acr.22020 15 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19758235/ 16 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21462215/ 17 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8067763/ 18 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19741313/

The joints are the connection between two bones. Over the course of a lifetime, they are bent and stretched countless times. The joints are therefore exposed to enormous stress and over the years the articular cartilage can become damaged or broken down. In colloquial terms, this is referred to as joint wear. Since the cartilage acts as a cushion between the bones, this can easily lead to joint pain. Here you can find out which supplements you can use to support your joints. Collagen Collagen is a component of articular cartilage and can improve the strength of joints. As we age, collagen breaks down more and more, which promotes joint pain and other joint problems. Many studies indicate that taking collagen can relieve symptoms of osteoarthritis . 1 Vitamin C Vitamin C is needed for the production of collagen. 2 In this way, vitamin C could indirectly support joint health. Glucosamine and chondroitin Glucosamine and chondroitin are also important components of articular cartilage and are intended to counteract cartilage degradation. In studies, the two combined were able to relieve joint pain. 3 Hyaluronic acid Hyaluronic acid binds water and acts as a lubricant in the joints. It is often used for joint pain, especially osteoarthritis. 4 Calcium, vitamin D3 and vitamin K2 Healthy cartilage protects the bones. It acts like a kind of shock absorber. If the cartilage is damaged, the bones are easily attacked. That's why you should also think about your bones if you have joint problems. Important nutrients for the bones are calcium, vitamin D3, and vitamin K2. Calcium is the so-called bone mineral: bones consist largely of calcium and it gives the bones strength. Vitamin D3 promotes the absorption of calcium from the intestine. It ensures that calcium is available to the body. A vitamin D deficiency is associated with loss of cartilage mass and osteoarthritis. 5 Vitamin K2 ensures that calcium gets from the blood into the bones. In people with osteoarthritis who have low vitamin K levels, joint wear progresses more quickly. 6 MSM Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) is organic sulfur. Sulfur is an important building block of collagen and chondroitin. MSM is also said to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Oxidative stress promotes the breakdown of cartilage. Especially in combination with chondroitin and glucosamine, MSM appears to be able to relieve joint pain and increase mobility. 7 8 Omega-3 Omega-3 fatty acids have an anti-inflammatory effect and are therefore particularly useful for inflammatory joint pain such as osteoarthritis. They could also be important for cartilage preservation: osteoarthritis patients with a good supply of omega-3 have less cartilage loss. 9 Conclusion: Healthy joints are well supplied with certain nutrients Many nutrients are important for the formation and maintenance of cartilage. Other nutrients, however, have an anti-inflammatory effect and can thus counteract inflammatory joint pain.   WE HAVE GAVE YOU A 10% DISCOUNT CODE FOR OUR VITAMIN C , COLLAGEN , CALCIUM , VITAMIN D3 , VITAMIN K2 & OMEGA-3 PROVIDED AND HOPE TO BRING YOU JOY WITH IT.   SIMPLY COPY THE FOLLOWING COUPON CODE AND ENTER IT AT CHECKOUT: GELENK+V10 TO THE PRODUCTS     1 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30368550/ 2 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18505499/ 3 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25589511/ 4 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4281855/ 5 https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ije/2015/383918/ 6 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25528106/ 7 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21708034/ 8 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28790224/ 9 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22353693/

Cellulite is a skin condition in which small dents and bumps form in the skin. It is also known as orange peel skin. Cellulite is caused by changes in the connective tissue. This leads to tension and hardening in the tissue, which causes the typical dents to form. Cellulite forms mainly on the thighs and buttocks. It can also appear on the breasts, arms and neck. Cellulite mainly affects women. Around 80 to 90% of women have cellulite at some point in their lives. The reason for this is that the collagen fibers in the connective tissue of the skin are arranged differently in women than in men, which promotes cellulite. Cellulite is not treated in conventional medicine because it is a cosmetic problem and has no health consequences. If you are overweight, losing weight can often improve cellulite. Diet and exercise play an important role here. Exercise also helps to tighten the connective tissue, which can counteract cellulite. Lymphatic drainage promotes the drainage of tissue water, which can reduce the appearance of cellulite. Certain nutrients can also potentially support the treatment of cellulite. Collagen Collagen is the most common protein in connective tissue. It is a structural protein that is important for the strength and elasticity of connective tissue. In one study, collagen supplementation appeared to help reduce cellulite in women. Studies indicate that collagen is most effective when combined with hyaluronic acid and vitamin C. 1 Vitamin C Cellulite is associated with increased oxidative stress. Vitamin C is an important antioxidant that can capture free radicals and thus counteract oxidative stress. Vitamin C is also needed for the production of collagen. Studies suggest that vitamin C, especially in combination with OPC, zinc and vitamin E, could improve the elasticity and moisture of the skin. 2 Zinc Zinc is very important for skin health. It is needed for cell division and thus promotes the regeneration of skin and connective tissue. 3 Zinc also has an antioxidant effect and helps counteract the oxidative stress associated with cellulite. OPC Oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPC) are extracted from grape seeds. OPC has an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect. In animals, OPC was able to strengthen collagen bonds, which could tighten connective tissue and increase skin moisture. 4 Conclusion: Certain nutrients should not be missing if you have cellulite Since cellulite is associated with oxidative stress, a good supply of antioxidants is useful for cellulite. There is promising evidence that collagen is effective in treating cellulite, especially in combination with vitamin C.   WE HAVE GIVEN YOU A 10% DISCOUNT CODE FOR OUR VITAMIN C , COLLAGEN , ZINC & OPC AND HOPE TO BRING YOU JOY WITH IT.   SIMPLY COPY THE FOLLOWING COUPON CODE AND ENTER IT AT CHECKOUT: CELLU+V10 TO THE PRODUCTS     1 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30681787/ 2 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5579659/ 3 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16029676/ 4 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12635161/